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The AB toxins are two-component protein complexes secreted by a number of pathogenic bacteria. They can be classified as Type III toxins bec...

Root nodules occur on the roots of plants (primarily Fabaceae) that associate with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Under nitrogen-limiti...

Mitosis is the cell cycle process by which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its o...

A lysosome (derived from the Greek words lysis, meaning "to loosen", and soma, "body") is a membrane-bound cell organell...

Folic Acid Folic acid is one  of the B-complex vitamins required in order to produce red blood cells. Folic acid is a manufactured form of f...

Medical Microbiology: The Big Picture  Medical Microbiology: The Big Picture By Neal Chamberlain *******************************************...

In physiology, respiration is defined as the transport of oxygen from the outside air to the cells within tissues, and the transport of carb...

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a biomedical technology in molecular biology used to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a piece...

Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution and Ecology by Verma, Agarwal Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution and ...

Free Download Fungi: Biology and Applications by Kevin Kavanagh Fungi: Biology and Applications is a comprehensive, balanced introduction of...